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This paper, concerned with the low and ultra-low-temperature district heating goals of several countries for decarbonization, reveals the temperature mismatch between existing heating and cooling equipment and the thermal supply. The industry and the energy sector aim to resolve this conflict by total electrification with renewables and heat pumps for temperature peaking and, or equipment oversizing. This study shows that both measures defeat the purposes of decarbonization and quantify the carbon dioxide responsibility in embodiments and during operation according to exergy destructions. It has been concluded that widely available but with low exergy waste and solar energy resources can be mobilized for decarbonization in the building sector only with temperature-compatible heating and cooling terminal units minimizing the temperature mismatches. In this respect, a new panel radiator with heat pipe technology, which can satisfy indoor thermal loads with supply temperatures as low as 35oC (95oF) and sensible cooling loads as high as 19oC (292 K, 66.4oF) with little oversizing, is introduced. Test results from the ASHRAE Standard 138 are discussed.
Product Details
- Published:
- 2023
- Number of Pages:
- 10
- Units of Measure:
- Dual
- File Size:
- 1 file , 1.9 MB
- Product Code(s):
- D-AT-23-C090
- Note:
- This product is unavailable in Russia, Belarus
