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1.1 These test methods cover the performance of engine oils intended for use in certain diesel engines. They are performed in a standardized high-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine by either the 1K (0.4 % mass fuel sulfur) or 1N (0.04 % mass fuel sulfur) procedure. The only difference in the two test methods is the fuel used. Piston and ring groove deposit-forming tendency and oil consumption are measured. Also, the piston, the rings, and the liner are examined for distress and the rings for mobility. These test methods are required to evaluate oils intended to satisfy API service categories CF-4 and CH-4 for 1K, and CG-4 for 1N of Specification D4485.

1.2 These test methods, although based on the original Caterpillar 1K/1N procedures, also embody TMC information letters issued before these test methods were first published. These test methods are subject to frequent change. Until the next revision of these test methods, TMC will update changes in these test methods by the issuance of information letters which shall be obtained from TMC (see Annex A15).

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.3.1 ExceptionWhere there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, or single source equipment specified. Also Brake Specific Fuel Consumption is measured in kilograms per kilowatthour.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements appear throughout the text. Being engine tests, these test methods do have definite hazards that shall be met by safe practices (see Annex A16 on Safety Precautions).

1.5 The following is the Table of Contents:

Section
Introduction
Scope 1
Referenced documents 2
Terminology 3
Summary of Test Methods 4
Significance and Use 5
Apparatus 6
General Laboratory Requirements 6.1
Test Engine 6.2
Test Engine Accessories and Parts 6.3
Reagents and Materials 7
Test Oil Sample Requirements 8
Preparation of Apparatus 9
Engine Inspection 9.1
Engine Pre-Test Lubrication System Flush 9.2
Engine Pre-Test Measurements and Inspections 9.3
Engine Assembly 9.4
Pressure Testing of Fuel System Assembly 9.5
Calibration of Engine Test Stand 10
General Requirements and Frequency of Calibration 10.1
Runs 10.2
Specified Test Parameters 10.3
Calibration Test Acceptance Criteria 10.4
Action on Rejection of Calibration Test 10.5
Test Numbering 10.6
Reference Oils 10.7
Severity Adjustments 10.8
Engine Operating Procedure 11
Engine Run-In 11.1
Cool-Down Procedure 11.2
Warm-Up Procedure 11.3
Operating Conditions and Oil Additions 11.4
Measurement of Oil Consumption 11.5
Sampling Used Oil 11.6
Shutdowns, Lost Time and Off Tolerance Conditions 11.7
Recording of Exhaust Temperature 11.8
Air-Fuel Ratio Measurement 11.9
Recording of Engine Conditions 11.10
Humidity Requirements/Calibration/Measurement 11.11
Inspections, Photographs and Measurements 12
Reference to Reporting Form 12.1
Pre-Test Measurements of Engine Parts 12.2
Post-Test Information 12.3
Oil Inspections 12.4
Report 14
General Directions 14.1
Electronic Transmission of Test Results (Optional) 14.2
Reporting Calibration Test Results 14.3
Precision and Bias 15
Keywords 16
ANNEXES
Specifications for Test Engine and Engine Build Annex A1
Intake Air System Details Annex A2
Exhaust System Details Annex A3
Cooling System Details Annex A4
Oil System Modifications and Instrument Locations Annex A5
Other Pressure and Temperature Measurement Locations Annex A6
Oil Consumption Linear Regression Method Annex A7
Test Fuel Specifications Annex A8
Lubrication System, Flush Apparatus and Procedure Annex A9
Engine Operating Conditions Annex A10
Procedure for Rating Piston and Liner Annex A11
Calculation of Percent Offset and Percent Deviation Annex A12
1K/1N Test Reporting Annex A13
Parts List by Part Number (P/N) and Warranty Annex A14
Role of Test Monitoring Center Annex A15
Safety Precautions Annex A16
APPENDIXES
Humidity Data Appendix X1
Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviation Appendix X2
Examples of Forms for Reporting Appendix X3
Optional Recording of Oil Pass Limits Appendix X4

Product Details

Published:
04/15/2009
Number of Pages:
68
File Size:
1 file , 1.1 MB
Redline File Size:
2 files , 2 MB