In order to design the HVAC systems and to do energy simulations of buildings, resolved data of the characteristics of parametersinfluenced by the occupant behavior have to be known. The gap between predicted and measured energy use is too often extensive. One reason forthis is insufficient input data on household electricity that are not time resolved in a proper way. Household electricity is the electricity used insidean apartment of an apartment block. Almost all this electricity converts to heat indoors. The need of knowledge of the use of household electricity,a parameter strongly influenced by the user behavior, increases as the space heating portion of the total energy use is relatively smaller in energyefficient buildings. The indoor air temperature and the use of household electricity, domestic cold water and domestic hot water have been measuredin 1300 apartments in several apartment buildings located in the same city in the south of Sweden. The measurements were carried out on anhourly basis during two years. The study provided descriptive statistics as well as use patterns on daily, weekly, monthly and yearly time scales.This paper presents the results for household electricity as the parameter most influencing the design of the HVAC systems. Referring to theapartment area, the results show that the household electricity varies between 2.6 and 118 kWh/(m2 x year), or 82 and 3740 btu/(ft2 x year), withan average of 29.4 kWh/(m2 x year) or 932 btu/(ft2 x year), and a median of 26.7 kWh/(m2 x year) or 846 btu/(ft2 x year). The 90 percentile is45 kWh/(m2 x year) or 1426 btu/(ft2 x year) showing that the distribution is clearly non-symmetric. Split on different number of rooms in anapartment, the results show that with one to four rooms except bathroom and kitchen, the average use was 34.8, 27.6, 28.6 and 32.4kWh/(m2 x year), respectively, or 1103, 875, 906 and 1027 btu/(ft2 x year).
Product Details
- Published:
- 2013
- Number of Pages:
- 8
- File Size:
- 1 file , 450 KB
- Product Code(s):
- D-DE-13-C076
- Note:
- This product is unavailable in Russia, Belarus
